Posted on Updated on This post concentrates on password cracking using Hashcat. It describes various Hashcat rule sets, which can maximise the potential amount of cracked passwords utilising basic wordlists.

John --wordlist=rockyoutxt --format=lm crack.list To crack Vista or Windows 7 passwords, run john --wordlist=rockyoutxt --format=nt crack.list If you have compiled john the ripper with mpi support, just launch it along the lines of mpirun -n 6 john --wordlist=rockyoutxt --format=nt crack.list.

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The practical demonstration utilises pre-made rule sets, included in Hashcat directory by default. The practical demonstration does not utilise Hashcat algorithm functions such as Combination, Toggle-Case, Brute-Force or Permutation, it only utilises Straight algorithm. THE SETUP This demonstration utilises three different wordlists: rockyou.txt —available by default in Kali located in /usr/share/wordlists/.

Crackstation-human-only —available for download. M3g9tr0n wordlist —available for download. Unlike other hash cracking tools, Hashcat uses CPU resources rather than GPU. The processor that is utilised for hash cracking is Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4700MQ CPU @ 2.40GHz. The virtual machine where Kali runs is set to take advantage of all 4 cores however, I’m not sure how the virtual environment impacts the performance of the processor. There are 15 passwords which were chosen randomly. The strength of these passwords is varied.

RULE SETS The science behind rule sets is very simple, however the correct application is very difficult. A rule set file consists of simple commands that temporarily change wordlist entries into a different ones.

A rule can simply append number 1 to an entry (expressed with $1) or capitalise the first letter in an entry (expressed with c). There are a lot of rules that can be added to a particular rule set to maximise the potential of a successful password crack. The list of available rules can be read in.

A custom made rule sets can be assembled to fit a particular password policy, however there are multiple sophisticated rule sets that come with hash cracking programs such as Hashcat or John the Ripper. To find these pre-made rule sets, go to root directory and type locate *.rule which should locate and print all files with the extension of.rule. The path in Kali Linux is /usr/share/hashcat/rules/. This diagram illustrates hash cracking process that utilises a simple rule set. HASH IDENTIFICATION Before password cracking commences, it is required to specify what type of algorithm was utilised to hash the passwords.

There are multiple hash identification tools or services online, but for this particular scenario Hash-identifier tool will do. # hash-identifier —initiates the program 1. —copy and paste any hash from hash_dump.txt. —shows that the most probable algorithm is SHA-1. Rusifikator teksta dlya starcraft brood war. NO RULE SET CRACKING Straight Cracking on its own compares hashes to words as they appear in wordlists.

Because this technique doesn’t utilise any rule sets, it is the fastest cracking mechanic, however complex passwords won’t be cracked as they are not likely to be included in any basic wordlists. # hashcat -m 100 -a 0 /root/hash_dump.txt /root/Dictionaries/ -o cracked_hash.txt -m 100 —specifies the hashing algorithm applied which was found utilising Hash-identifier tool. -a 0 —specifies the type of cracking, Straight in this case. /root/hash_dump.txt —specifies the text file with the hashes. /root/Dictionaries/ —specifies the directory where wordlists reside.